Dr. Kateryna Shapovalova

Dr. Kateryna views of Abdominal Surgery

1. Open Abdominal Surgery:
   • Description: This involves a single, large incision through the abdominal wall to access the organs directly.
   • Common Uses: Open surgery is often performed when the procedure is complex, requires extensive exploration, or in emergency situations where rapid access is necessary.
2. Minimally Invasive Abdominal Surgery (Laparoscopy):
   • Description: This method uses small incisions and a laparoscope with a camera, allowing the surgeon to view the organs on a monitor and operate with specialized instruments.
   • Benefits: Shorter recovery time, less pain, and minimal scarring compared to open surgery.

Common Types of Abdominal Procedures

• Appendectomy: Removal of the appendix, typically performed when appendicitis is diagnosed.
• Cholecystectomy: Surgical removal of the gallbladder, often due to gallstones.
• Hernia Repair: Treatment of hernias to prevent protruding tissue or organs from causing complications.
• Bowel Resection: Removal of a part of the intestines, commonly performed for conditions like cancer, blockages, or severe Crohn’s disease.
• Gastric Bypass or Other Bariatric Surgeries: Procedures to aid in weight loss by altering the stomach and digestive process.
• Exploratory Laparotomy: Open surgery used to diagnose or explore unexplained abdominal issues.
• Splenectomy: Removal of the spleen, sometimes necessary due to trauma or disease.

Preoperative Preparation

• Consultation and Diagnosis: Patients undergo thorough medical evaluations, including physical exams, imaging studies (e.g., CT scans, MRIs, ultrasounds), and blood tests.
• Fasting: Typically, patients are advised not to eat or drink for several hours before surgery to prevent complications during anesthesia.
• Medication Review: Patients may need to stop certain medications or adjust doses before surgery.

The Surgical Process

1. Anesthesia: General anesthesia is most commonly used, ensuring that the patient is unconscious and pain-free during the procedure.
2. Incision: The surgeon makes an incision either through open or minimally invasive methods, depending on the procedure type.
3. Operation: The surgeon accesses the targeted organ or area to perform the necessary intervention, such as removing, repairing, or reshaping tissue.
4. Closure: After the procedure, the incision is closed using sutures, staples, or surgical glue.

Postoperative Care and Recovery

• Hospital Stay: The length of stay varies from same-day discharge for some minimally invasive surgeries to several days for more extensive open surgeries.
• Pain Management: Pain relief is provided using oral or intravenous medications.
• Monitoring: Vital signs, wound sites, and organ function are closely monitored post-surgery.
• Diet and Activity: Patients are usually advised to start with a liquid or soft diet and gradually return to normal eating. Light activity is encouraged, but heavy lifting and strenuous movements should be avoided for weeks.

Benefits of Abdominal Surgery

• Effective Treatment: Resolves underlying medical issues, from life-threatening emergencies like ruptured organs to planned corrective surgeries.
• Improved Quality of Life: Alleviates pain and discomfort, restores proper organ function, and can significantly enhance overall health.
• Diagnostic Clarity: For exploratory procedures, surgery can provide clear insights into unexplained abdominal pain or conditions.

Recovery Tips for Patients

• Follow-up Appointments: Essential to monitor healing and detect any early signs of complications.
• Wound Care: Properly clean and care for incision sites as instructed to avoid infection.
• Balanced Diet: Adequate nutrition supports tissue healing and recovery.
• Rest and Gradual Movement: Take sufficient rest while incorporating light movement to prevent stiffness and promote circulation.

Who is a Candidate for Abdominal Surgery?

Abdominal surgery is indicated for patients with specific conditions that do not respond to medication or other non-surgical treatments. It may also be necessary for urgent cases such as perforated organs, internal bleeding, or severe infections. Consulting with Dr. Shapovalova as a healthcare provider can help determine the best surgical approach based on the patient’s overall health and specific condition.

Conclusion

Abdominal surgery is a critical component of medical treatment that encompasses a wide range of procedures. With advancements in surgical techniques, such as laparoscopy, patients can now experience less pain and faster recovery. However, as with any medical procedure, understanding the benefits, risks, and recovery expectations is essential for informed decision-making and optimal outcomes.